B.F. Skinner formulated the famous “Operant Conditioning” method where different techniques are applied each time a person misbehaves to correct the misbehavior. Here, a stimulus is introduced into the environment that will make the person correct his/her attitude and become a better person. |
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There are two types of techniques used for this purpose, namely positive and negative reinforcements. In these methods, a stimulus is either introduced or removed right after the particular behavior making the person understand his faults and correct himself.
Positive reinforcements are techniques where a person is appreciated and rewarded for a particular activity, encouraging him to repeat the activity. For example, if a student does well in a class test, he/she can be rewarded with a candy or storybook to show appreciation for the same. Similarly, if a jail inmate behaves himself, the authorities might reduce the jail term to show their appreciation of the person’s behavior. Rewarding your dog with a new toy or his favorite food each time he listens to your orders is another method of positive reinforcement.
Negative reinforcement, on the other hand, is to reprimand the behavior in such a manner that the person stops misbehaving to avoid the reprimand. For example, if a child misbehaves in class, the teacher can ask the child to do extra activity after school hours or punish him with detention. This way, the child will stop misbehaving to avoid detention. Here, detention is the type of negative stimulus used immediately after a behavior to correct and rectify the person’s behavior.
Listed above are a few common examples of positive and enactive negative reinforcements.
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