Lyme disease is a bacterial disease, the causal agent of which is reported to be Borrelia burgdorferi in the US and Borrelia afzelii in the continent of Europe. The incidence of the disease is high in places along the coast of the Atlantic, the Midwest region, and certain parts of Oregon and California. |
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These bacteria are concealed by the ticks on the skin of deer, which are transferred into the body once the ticks bite the skin. The disease is not contagious, so does not pose any threat to others in close proximity. However, the infected individual tends to suffer from disorders related to the skin, joints, heart, and nervous system. The disease progresses in three stages, namely early localized, early disseminated, and late persistent.
The first stage referred to as early localized, encompasses the initial 4 weeks of the infection. The only evident symptom during this stage is the presence of a circular rash that expands gradually. The rash is followed by symptoms similar to those that occur during flu. These symptoms are much more commonly observed in comparison to the outbreak of a rash. The indications of Lyme disease include listless body, headache, stiffness in the neck region, fever with chills, inflammation of the lymph nodes and pain in the muscles and joints. Treatment administered in the initial stages is extremely effective in curing the disease. However, at times the patient may not observe any symptoms, thereby delaying the course of treatment. In such cases, the infection may aggravate and produce adverse effects in the skin, joints, central nervous system and heart. The presence of certain antibiotics in the blood sample confirms the diagnosis of the disease. Antibiotics are administered for treating the illness, which normally lead to recovery within a span of 3 weeks.
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