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Skin diseases are quite a common occurrence in dogs. There are several reasons due to which skin disorders occur in dogs, the most predominant reason being unhygienic surroundings.
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There are a variety of canine skin diseases. A few common ones are listed below.
Immune-mediated Skin Disorders: These disorders occur due to disabled immune system. Immune-mediated skin disorders can be further classified into skin diseases caused due to infectious agents, allergic skin diseases, diseases caused due to parasites and autoimmune disorders.
Infectious Skin Diseases: Various kinds of pathogens including bacteria, fungi and yeast cause infections of the skin in dogs. Bacterial infections are mainly caused by Staphylococci. Two major species of fungi, namely Microsporum and Trichophyton, cause skin diseases in dogs. These infections are commonly referred to as “ringworm”. Yeast infection in dogs’ results in a skin disease known as Malassezia pachydermatitis.
Allergic Skin Diseases: Allergy can be described as a hypersensitivity reaction caused due to exposure to allergy-causing substances known as allergens. Allergic skin diseases are quite common health problem in dogs resulting in itchy skin, nasal and eye discharges, excessive sneezing, improper digestions and skin lesions. Most common allergic skin disease in dogs is called Flea Allergy Dermatitis which is caused due to exposure to chemicals in flea saliva. Another common allergic problem in dogs is Atopic Dermatitis caused due to inhalation of allergic substances such as molds, dust and pollens. Some dogs are allergic to certain food items, soaps, waxes, carpets, insect bites and stings.
Parasitic Skin Diseases: Fleas are the most common parasites found on the skin of dogs. These agents cause lesions on the skin. Mites also cause skin diseases in dogs, which are known as Mange. There are two different types of mange that include Sarcoptic Mange and Dermodectic Mange. Other parasites that cause skin diseases in dogs include ear mites, lice and ticks.
Hormonal Skin Diseases: Hormonal abnormalities result in excessive hair loss, changes in the color of the skin and dry and discolored hair coat. These diseases are difficult to treat.
Autoimmune Skin Diseases: Two most important autoimmune skin disorders in dogs include Pemphigus and Discoid Lupus Erythematosus.
Nutritional Skin Diseases: Balanced nutritional diet is an important aspect that determines the health of skin and coat.
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